Wise Spiralography

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Tremor and moving disorders are one of the main and relativly difficult symptoms for a pacient nevrodegenerative illness. While the clinical analysis of the pacient is performed it is vital to identify the type of tremor to set the right diagnosis.

For exact measurement of tremor – its frequencys and amplitudes, the method of spiralography using the digital tablets is most useful. The use of digital tablets for tremor identification enables more accurate tremor data in comparison with old methods of drawing evaluation. Those methods usually determine only subjective classification of tremor to normal, gentle, intermediate and strong, while the use of digital tablets accuretly quantifys the tremor.

Usability of the Wise Spiralography

• easy, fast diagnostic,
• 11 criteria, on which we determine the type of tremor.

Data acquisition with digital tablets is user friendly, because it does not utilize any signal preamplificaition and A/D converters. All the user needs to do is to hook up the tablet with a computer and start the data accusition software.

Under the writing surface of the digital tablet is a network of wires. The pen creates electromagnetic field, which excites parts of network, enabling the calculation of pen position. The more wires in the surface area, the greater the resolution and sensitivity of the digital tablet. This is important for identification of specific types of tremors. The bigger the resolution, easier it is to determine the type of tremor in response to his fiziological properties. It is noted, that the tablet, which can identify fiziological tremor can also sense other types of tremor, which are in the lower frequency ranges.

When measuring we must obey Nyquist theorema, which dictates, that we need sample frequency at least twice as high as the highest frequency for correct reproduction of the signal . If we predict the highest freqency of the signal is 13 Hz, we must use a frequency of at least 26 Hz for data sampling. To avoid possible aliansing, the most common frequncy is 50 Hz, in our case we sample the signal with a frequncy of 100 Hz.

Common expanded task of tremor measurement is represented with the drawing of Archimides spiral, which is defined with equation:
R = a × ∅
R – radius in coordinate system, a – constant, which controls the distance between different revolutions of the spiral, ∅ - angle in the coordinate system.

How does it function?

During measurement the pacient sits on the chair and is drawing a spiral on programated grafical tablet with tablet's pen – freehanded and on generated template. With computer analysis with given criteria we get data nedeed to determine tremor type on the basis of joint characteristic, typical for certain clinical group.

During the draw process the pacient is required to keep the pen on tablet surface for the whole time of drawing. It frequently occurs that for pacients with severe tremor this condition is not met, but newer digital tablets track the pen position even if it is raised from the surface for a few centimeters. This makes the measurments on people with strong tremor easier and without the need for costum adjustments.

Because each tremor has unique oscillation, it is easy to use spectral analysis, which is the most common method of tremor quantification.

The data we acquired with the help of digital tablets are organized trought 11 criteria.

That makes possible to watch the data about the tremor from more different prespectives. The results are: the drawing of the actual spiral, time versus trace of spiral, radius/angle transform, absolut, radial and tangecial speed in response to time, tremor spectra, direction of the tremor, pen pressure versus time, pressure cone and pressure spectra.

The results can be assesed and on the basis of the properties of individual clinical group we can identify the present tremor.

Indications for use:

• esencial,
• parkinsonian,
• cerebral,
• psihogenic.

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